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Visual Errors

Our eyes are our most important sensory organ. They help lead us through life. And the more clearly we see, the more life has to offer. Visual clarity depends on how optical impressions arrive at our retina, the inner surface at the back of the eye.

The cornea, the lens and the vitreous bend light rays entering the eye to focus them on a particular point on the retina. If this focal point occurs either in front of or behind the retina, unclear vision results. Eye doctors measure this defect in diopters.

There are three main types of refraction defects: myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. People, who have myopia (near-sightedness), see far objects worse than close objects. People, who have hyperopia (far-sightedness), see close objects worse than far objects. Astigmatism is the forming of a shape in retina, which is caused by corneal or lens having uneven curvature. Combination of different refraction defects is common.

Spectacles and contact lenses are made to compensate the imperfection of the eye. Near-sightedness is amended with minus-glasses, far-sightedness with plus-glasses and astigmatism with cylindrical glasses.
Refractive surgery means surgical procedures, which goal is to improve eye’s focusing quality. During LASIK or Epi-LASIK procedure the laser removes cornea tissue precisely and inspectedly and changes its refraction power.